BC, IBC, TBC, HBC, HPBC: Yadda Sunayen Tantanin BC Suka Bambanta
Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
Amsa mai sauri: BC, IBC, TBC, HBC da HPBC ba fasahohi biyar daban-daban ba ne — dangi ɗaya ne na fasaha da gine-ginen baya daban-daban. Dukansu suna matsar da tuntuɓar polarity biyu zuwa bayan tantanin, wanda ke sassauta saman gaba don haske kuma yana kawar da inuwar busbar da ke iyakance tantanin tuntuɓar gaba na al'ada. Haruffan suna bayyana inda tuntuɓar nau'in p da nau'in n suke da kuma wace passivation kowane yanki ke amfani: TBC na amfani da tuntuɓar passivating na TOPCon, HBC na heterojunction, kuma haruffan da aka sa gaba a IBC da HPBC suna nuna tsarin interdigitated ko haɗaɗɗe. Sakamakon a aikace ga layin module shi ne cewa kowane ɗayan waɗannan bambance-bambancen har yanzu yana buƙatar stringing na gefen baya, don haka tashoshin stringer da bussing sun bambanta da layin tuntuɓar gaba yayin da matakan lamination da framing ba su canza sosai ba. Sanin wane bambancen ake sayar maka shi ne ke yanke shawarar kayan aikinka.
PV Module Manufacturing · na Jerry, Ooitech
Gabatarwa
A ranar farko da na fara aiki a layin samar da BC, mai kula da ni ya ce muna yin TBC, masana'antar da ke kusa tana yin HPBC, kuma mutane a kan layi suna magana game da HBC, ABC, DBC... "Ba zan iya bambance ko ɗaya ba. Shin na zaɓi aikin da bai dace ba?" Ka kwantar da hankalinka. Wannan labarin yana yin abu ɗaya kawai: bayyana ma'anar da ke bayan wannan jerin haruffa. A ƙarshe, za ka gane cewa duk suna cikin iyali ɗaya. A gaskiya, za ka iya cewa su "mutum ɗaya ne a cikin tufafi daban-daban."
Kashi Na Farko: BC Sunan Iyali Ne, Ba Sunan Kai Ba
Mutane da yawa nan da nan suna ɗaukar BC a matsayin takamaiman fasahar tantanin halitta daidai da PERC da TOPCon. Wannan ita ce tarko ta farko.
BC = Back Contact
Ba yana nufin "wace fasahar passivation aka yi amfani da ita," ko "wane tsarin doping aka yi amfani da shi." Yana faɗi abu ɗaya kawai: electrodes suna a baya, kuma gaba ba shi da gridlines.
Don haka BC ya fi zama kamar "sunan mahaifi." Halin da aka raba na sel masu sunan BC shine gefen gaba mai tsabta tare da duk electrodes a baya. Amma game da "sunan da aka ba" (takamaiman passivation, doping, da metallization da aka yi amfani da su), kowane mai yin ya bambanta.
Misali: BC shine rukunin "smartphone," yayin da TOPCon da HJT sune "tsarin aiki." Kuna iya amfani da Android (TOPCon) ko iOS (HJT), amma ko wane tsari ya gudana, har yanzu waya ce.
Wannan shine dalilin da yasa masana'antar ke kiran BC a matsayin "fasahar dandamali". Yana ba da tsarin tsari wanda zai iya ɗaukar tsarin passivation daban-daban.
Kashi na Biyu: IBC, Samfurin Tushe na Iyalin BC
IBC = Interdigitated Back Contact
IBC shine tushen tsarin BC kuma mafi kyawun nau'in tantanin BC. Abubuwan da ke ciki:
Tushen wafer N-type
Yankunan P+ da N+ na baya suna musanya kamar haƙoran tsefe (tsarin interdigitated)
Na'urorin lantarki na baya suna daidaita da yankunan P+ da N+
Babu layukan grid a gaba, kawai murfin anti-reflective da Layer passivation
A cikin 1975, Schwartz da Lammert ne suka fara gabatar da manufar tuntuɓar baya. A cikin 1984, Farfesa Swanson a Jami'ar Stanford ya yi tantanin hasken rana mai tuntuɓar maki. Labarin IBC ya fara ne a lokacin.
Kuna iya tunanin IBC a matsayin "sigar BC marar fuska" ba tare da ƙarin passivation ba, yana dogara kawai akan tsarin interdigitated kanta.
Tambayar ita ce: IBC tana da inganci sosai, amma za ta iya ƙara girma?
Amsa: tara buffs.
Kashi na Uku: Tara Buffs, Hanyar Juyin Halitta na BC
Tsarin gine-gine na BC (babu layukan grid na gaba + haɗin baya) an daidaita shi, amma tsarin kariya na iya canzawa. Wannan shine ikon "fasahar dandamali."
TBC = TOPCon + BC
Sanya tsarin kariya na TOPCon tunnel oxide + doped polysilicon akan tsarin BC, kuma za ku sami TBC.
| Kwatanta | TOPCon | TBC |
|---|---|---|
| Gaban gaba | Yana da layukan grid (~3% inuwa) | Babu layukan grid (0 inuwa) |
| Bayan baya | Tunnel oxide passivated contact | Tunnel oxide passivated contact + tsarin haɗin baya |
| Tsarin kariya | Irin da TOPCon | Irin da TOPCon |
| Babban bambanci | Tuntuɓar fuska biyu na al'ada | Tuntuɓar baya + haɗin baya |
A cikin jimla ɗaya: TBC = kariyar TOPCon + tsarin BC. Ingantacciyar aiki mafi girma (3% ƙarancin inuwa gaba ≈ ribar Jsc kusan 1-1.5 mA/cm²), amma sarrafawa mai rikitarwa.
Ingantacciyar TBC ta LONGi ta riga ta wuce 27%, ta yi amfani da wannan hanya.
HBC = HJT + BC
Idan aka sanya tsarin kariya na amorphous silicon heterojunction na HJT a kan tsarin BC, za a samu HBC.
| Kwatanta | HJT | HBC |
|---|---|---|
| Gaban gaba | Yana da TCO + gridlines | Babu gridlines |
| Tsarin kariya | i-a-Si:H heterojunction passivation | Irin wannan da HJT |
| Babban bambanci | Tuntuɓar fuska biyu na al'ada | Tuntuɓar baya + haɗin baya |
HBC yana da mafi girman iyakar inganci (kariyar amorphous silicon tana da kyau ta dabi'a + babu inuwa a gaba), amma taga zafin aiki yana da kunkuntar kuma kayan aiki yana da tsada, yana sa samarwa da yawa ya fi wahala. Risen Energy da Golden Stone Energy suna bin wannan hanya.
Takaitaccen hanyoyin biyu na 'buff-stacking':
TBC = 'core' na TOPCon a cikin 'shell' na BC → kyakkyawan gadon tsari, ana iya gyara layin TOPCon. HBC = 'core' na HJT a cikin 'shell' na BC → mafi girman iyakar inganci, amma kuma mafi girman matakin samarwa.
Kashi na Hudu: Sunan Masana'anta, Hanyar Haka, Kowa Ya Kira Nasa
IBC, TBC, da HBC da ke sama sunaye ne na hanyoyin fasaha da ake amfani da su a masana'antu. Amma kowane mai kera yana da nasa sunayen samfuran, wanda ke ƙara rikitarwa ga sababbin masu shiga.
| Mai kera | Sunan Samfurin | Jigon Fasaha | Bayanan Kula |
|---|---|---|---|
| LONGi | HPBC | BC na tushen P-type | Hybrid Passivated BC, ƙarni na farko ya yi amfani da wafers na P-type |
| LONGi | HPBC 2.0 | BC na tushen N-type | Bayan haɓakawa, ainihin yana kusantar TBC |
| Aiko | ABC | N-type back contact | All Back Contact, bisa tsarin IBC na N-type |
| Yidao | DBC | DAO-BC | Tsarin BC na Yidao |
| Maxeon | IBC | Classic IBC | Hanyar tsohuwar SunPower/Maxeon |
Ka ga tsarin? Sunan samfurin masana'anta = hanyar fasaha + alamar kamfani. HPBC ainihin P-type BC ne, ABC ainihin N-type IBC ne, kuma IBC kawai IBC ne. Jigon fasaha bai taba fita daga hanyoyin da aka ambata a sama ba.
Kamar yadda "Huawei Mate" da "Xiaomi 14" duk ana kiransu wayoyi, kawai suna da alamu daban-daban. HPBC da ABC duk BC ne, kawai daga masana'anta daban-daban.
Kashi na Biyar: Kuskure Uku na Yau da Kullun, An Share su Gaba Daya
Kuskure na 1: "BC fasaha ce mai zaman kanta da ke fafatawa da TOPCon/HJT"
Ba daidai ba. BC sabon tsari ne, yayin da TOPCon/HJT sabon abu ne na kariya. Girma biyu daban-daban. Ana iya hada BC da TOPCon (= TBC) ko da HJT (= HBC). Ba su cikin dangantakar "fafatawa" amma dangantakar "hada".
Kuskure na 2: "HPBC daidai yake da HBC"
Ba daidai ba. H a cikin HPBC yana nufin Hybrid (kariya hadaddiyar), yayin da H a cikin HBC yana nufin Heterojunction. Sunaye suna kama, amma hanyoyin fasaha sun bambanta gaba daya. HPBC tana amfani da wafers na P-type + hybrid passivation, yayin da HBC ke amfani da wafers na N-type + amorphous silicon heterojunction passivation.
Rashin fahimta na 3: "IBC an daina amfani da shi; yanzu duk TBC/HBC ne"
Ba daidai ba ne. A matsayin samfurin tushe, IBC ya kasance tushen tsarin dukkan sel BC. Dukansu TBC da HBC suna sanya passivation a kan tsarin IBC. Har yanzu Maxeon yana samar da IBC na gargajiya a yau, tare da inganci wanda ba shi da ƙasa. Sai dai daga mahangar iyakar inganci, stacking buffs yana hawa sama.
Ƙarshe
Don iyakar bincike na 2025-2026 da ke bayan waɗannan hanyoyi, gami da ingantattun sakamakon da suka matsar da ƙarancin zuwa masana'antu, duba Taswirar fasahar tantanin BC: daga tsari zuwa tsari.
BC shine harsashi, TOPCon/HJT shine ainihin, IBC shine fuska mara kyau, TBC/HBC sune nau'ikan buff-stacked, kuma HPBC/ABC/DBC sune sunayen alamar kasuwanci.
Ka fahimci waɗannan matakai huɗu, za ka iya fahimtar kowace harafi.
Lokaci na gaba da mai kula ya ce "layin mu yana yin TBC," za ka san ainihin abin da ke faruwa: oh, passivation na TOPCon an saka shi cikin tsarin BC, babu gridlines na gaba, tsarin interdigitated na baya. Na fahimta.
ooitech ya yi imani: BC ba hamayya ba ne ga TOPCon ko HJT amma dandamali ne na tsari wanda za a iya sanya fasahohin kariya daban-daban a kai, kuma fahimtar wannan dangantakar iyali yana sa kowane gajeren sunan BC ya bayyana a take.
