Gabatarwar Samfur

Yayin da fasahar photovoltaic ke ci gaba, wani sabon nau'in samfurin PV ya bayyana a ɓangaren samarwa wanda ya bambanta da na'urorin hasken rana na gilashi. Ya fi sauƙi, mai sassauƙa, kuma mafi sauƙin amfani. Wannan shi ne na'urar hasken rana mai sassauƙa, wanda galibi ake kira semi-flexible panel a masana'antar.

Semi-flexible PV modules have a wide range of applications. They cover distributed solar power scenarios such as commercial and industrial color-steel tile roofs, flat roofs, residential tile houses, and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). They also fit special scenarios like landscape lighting, portable power sources, robots, and outdoor activities.

With advantages like softness and flexibility, light weight and portability, good plasticity, high efficiency, and being environmentally friendly, semi-flexible modules are gradually becoming a favorite in the new energy field, winning more and more user trust. Today let's take a simple look at the manufacturing process and structure of flexible PV modules.

Module Structure

Here is a structure diagram and promotional image of a flexible PV module found online:

We can see that the module has a 7-layer structure: ETFE + EVA + Cells (power generation layer) + EVA + PET + EVA + TPT. Below we break down the role of each layer.

Layer Functions

ETFE Front Sheet

ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) yana aiki a matsayin gaban takardar mai sassauƙa, yana maye gurbin gilashin gargajiya. Yana bayar da babban haske watsawa (yawanci >94%), kyakkyawan juriya ga yanayi, juriya ga UV, da juriya ga lalacewar sinadarai. Yana ba da kariya ta waje ga na'urar yayin da yake tabbatar da ingantaccen watsa haske.

Fim ɗin Rufe EVA

Fim ɗin EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) yana da alhakin haɗawa da rufewa. Yana haɗa gaban takardar ETFE da ƙarfi zuwa layin samar da wutar lantarki, yayin da yake toshe tururin ruwa da oxygen, rage damuwa, da kare sel.

Layin Samar da Wutar Lantarki (Sel)

Sel sune babban bangaren samar da wutar lantarki na module. Suna yin canjin photoelectric, suna juya hasken rana da ke isa ga sel zuwa wutar lantarki.

EVA (Layer na Biyu)

Wannan Layer na EVA yana aiki a matsayin kayan rufewa, yana haɗa ɗayan gefen sel zuwa layukan da ke gaba. Aikin sa iri ɗaya ne da na EVA na sama.

Layer na Tallafi na PET

PET yawanci yana aiki a matsayin layer na tallafi na tsakiya ko a matsayin layer na ciki na backsheet. A cikin wannan module mai sassauƙa yana kasancewa a matsayin layer na tsakiya, yana samar da ƙarfin injiniya, rufin wutar lantarki, da kuma wani matakin shingen tururin ruwa. Duk da haka, juriyar sa na UV da damshi-zafi yana da iyaka, don haka ya dogara da kariyar layer na waje. Wasu modules masu sassauƙa suna sanya PET a saman layer na cell.

Fim ɗin EVA (Layer na Haɗawa)

Wannan fim ɗin EVA yana haɗa Layer na PET zuwa backsheet na waje (TPT), yana tabbatar da mannewa tsakanin layuka da kuma hana rabuwa.

Fim ɗin Hana Fasa

Fim ɗin anti-crack yana haɗa sel ɗin kuma yana hana ƙananan tsagewa a cikin sel ɗin lokacin da aka lanƙwasa modul ɗin.

Fim ɗin Baya na TPT

TPT backsheet shine mafi bayan Layer na modul ɗin. Tsarinsa shine fim ɗin PVF (polyvinyl fluoride) + PET substrate + fim ɗin PVF, inda fim ɗin PVF wani polymer ne da aka fitar daga copolymers na fluorine da fluorocarbon molecules. Dalilin da yasa ake kiran wannan tsari da TPT backsheet shine kamfanin Amurka DuPont sanannen mai samar da fim ɗin PVF ne. Alamar kasuwanci ta DuPont don fim ɗin PVF ita ce Tedlar, wanda aka taƙaita shi a matsayin "T" a cikin tsarin backsheet, yayin da "P" ke nufin PET substrate na tsakiya.

Babban ayyukan tsarin TPT backsheet sune: fim ɗin fluorine na waje yana ba da kyakkyawan juriya ga yanayi, juriya ga UV, da juriyar lalacewar muhalli; Layer na PET na tsakiya yana ba da tallafin injiniya, rufin wutar lantarki, kuma babban shingen tururin ruwa; fim ɗin fluorine na ciki yana da kyakkyawan mannewa tare da fim ɗin EVA, yana tabbatar da cewa backsheet ɗin ya manne da ƙarfi tare da tsarin rufewa.

Haɓaka Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki

Bugu da ƙari, yawancin na'urorin PV masu sassauƙa suna amfani da tsari na musamman don ƙirƙirar siffar saƙar zuma a saman na'urar don ƙara samar da wutar lantarki. Wannan siffar saƙar zuma tana haifar da wani 'tasirin kama haske' wanda ke ƙara yawan fitar da na'urar.

Takaitawa

Na'urorin PV masu sassauƙa suna amfani da ETFE maimakon gilashi a matsayin gaban takarda, yadudduka da yawa na EVA don haɗawa da kariya ta rufewa, PET a matsayin matsakaiciyar ƙarfafawa, da TPT a matsayin bayan takarda mai jure yanayi. Tare suna ba da cikakkiyar kariya ta jiki, rufewar muhalli, da dogon lokaci ga ƙaramin ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki. A lokaci guda, masana'anta suna ƙirƙirar siffar saƙar zuma a saman na'urar don inganta samar da wutar lantarki.

ooitech ta yi imani: na'urorin PV masu sassauƙa suna kunshe da ƙaramin ƙwayar tantanin halitta a cikin wani gurɓataccen ETFE-EVA-PET-TPT don samar da hasken rana mai nauyi, mai dorewa, da kuma samar da wutar lantarki mai yawa.