Gabatarwar Samfur

Kun gudanar da kwatance akan layin. Ƙungiyoyi biyu na tantanin halitta TOPCon, girke-girke daban-daban na fim ɗin gaba.

• Ƙungiyar fim ɗin gradient: SiNx/SiOxNy/SiOx gradient stack (tare da ƙananan refractive-index SiOx/SiOxNy yadudduka)

• Ƙungiyar SiNx mai tsabta: SiNx mai yadudduka da yawa

Sakamakon ya dawo baya.

• Matakin tantanin halitta: rukunin gradient ya kasance 0.05%-0.1% mafi girma a inganci fiye da rukunin SiNx mai tsabta. A kan tantanin halitta, fim ɗin gradient ya bayyana da kyau.

• Matakin module: bayan lamination zuwa modules 66-cell 210×210, rukunin SiNx mai tsabta ya kasance a zahiri 3-4W mafi girma a cikin wutar lantarki (an auna akan layi).

"Rukunin da ke da ƙarancin ingancin tantanin halitta ya ƙare da mafi girman wutar module." Inganci ya ci gaba da tambayar dalili, kuma ba za ku iya amsawa kawai da "ribar marufi."

Wannan yanki yana amfani da takarda ɗaya mai ƙarfi don daidaita wannan lissafin gani mai cin karo da juna.

Ma'auni na Fasaha

Ingancin tantanin halitta ≠ wutar module. Lamination yana tsaka-tsaki.

Ka riƙe abu ɗaya a cikin kanka: ingancin tantanin halitta da wutar module ba ninka sauƙi ba ne.

Yin amfani da module 66-cell 210×210 TOPCon tare da tantanin halitta na 25.7% a matsayin tushe, bayanan layi sun nuna cewa tazarar ingancin tantanin halitta 0.1% tana daidai da kusan 2.8W na wutar module. Ta wannan ma'auni:

Jagorar ta juya gaba ɗaya. Amfanin matakin tantanin halitta ya ɓace a cikin lamination.

Ƙarfin module ba shine haɓaka ingancin tantanin halitta kai tsaye ba. Gilashi, encapsulant da backsheet suna kawo ribar haɗin gani (tabbatacce) amma kuma rashin daidaituwa na yanzu da asarar rarraba (korau). Sakamakon shine ƙarfin da aka auna. Daban-daban girke-girke na anti-reflection suna samar da sakamako daban-daban na post-lamination, kuma wannan shine tushen "rasa a tantanin halitta, ci a module."

Wannan tsarin an riga an gano shi ta Zhang et al. 2019 (Energies, DOI:10.3390/en12061168) akan dandalin PERC, wanda aka goyi bayan simulation SunSolve da auna module.

Fa'idodin Fasaha

Takardar PERC ɗaya ta bayyana jujjuyawar a sarari

Zhang 2019 yayi nazarin rufin gaba mai kariya uku akan mono PERC. Yadudduka biyu na farko sun kasance SiNx (20nm/45nm). Yadi na uku ne kawai ya canza.

• Shiri A: yadi na uku 15nm SiNx (ma'aunin haske 1.99)

• Shiri B3: yadi na uku 30nm SiOx (ma'aunin haske 1.46)

Ta amfani da kwaikwayi na gani na SunSolve (tare da rubutun dala), sun lissafta matsakaicin haske mai nauyi WAR (300-1100nm):

At cell level, B3 reflects less than A, measured Isc 62mA higher, efficiency 21.50% vs 21.35% (+0.15% cikakke). Fim ɗin tare da yadi SiOx mai ƙarancin ma'auni ya yi nasara a kan tantanin halitta.

Amma a matakin tsarin, labarin ya juya. Sashe na 3.3 ya faɗi a sarari:

"Saboda EVA encapsulant yana ɗaukar haske mai gajeren zango, fa'idar amsawar bakan na 30nm SiOx cell an ɓoye wani ɓangare... ribar wutar module kawai 0.9W ne... saka SiOx a cikin module ya rage ribar aikin cell da kashi 57%."

Abubuwan da suka shafi:

• Matsayin CTM: 30nm SiOx 96.1% vs 15nm SiNx 96.5%. Na SiOx ya fi ƙasa.

• Fa'idar matakin cell +0.15% ta rasa kashi 57% na ribarta bayan lamination.

• Ribar wutar module kawai 0.9W.

Wannan shine bayanin matakin takarda don shari'ar ku. Ƙungiyar gradient (tare da SiOx/SiOxNy low-index layers, kamar Zhang's B3) tana samun 0.05-0.1% a matakin cell ta hanyar short-wave anti-reflection. Amma bayan lamination, EVA tana ɗaukar hasken short-wave <380nm, gefen short-wave na ƙungiyar gradient yana shanye, CTM yana raguwa, kuma a matakin inganci iri ɗaya ƙungiyar pure SiNx ta wuce ta.

Aikace-aikacen Samfur

Inda rata take, da girmanta

① Matakin cell: ƙungiyar gradient tana samun 0.05%-0.1%, kusan 1.4-2.8W

Ta hanyar baseline 66-cell 210 TOPCon line (0.1% cell inganci ≈ 2.8W module wutar), ƙungiyar gradient tana gudana 0.05%-0.1% mafi girma a matakin cell, wanda ya kamata ya nufi 1.4-2.8W mafi girma a matakin module.

② Matakin module: pure SiNx a zahiri ya fi girma da 3-4W (an auna layin)

An auna, ƙarfin module na rukunin pure SiNx shine 3-4W mafi girma fiye da rukunin gradient. Idan aka mayar da ƙaramin rashin lahani a matakin cell, yana nufin rukunin pure SiNx ya ba da gudummawar 4.4-6.8W ƙari a matakin packaging kadai. Idan aka kwatanta da baseline na 720W, wannan shine bambancin ribar packaging na 0.61%-0.94%.

③ Tabbacin littattafai: Zhang 2019's "57% cut" (dandalin PERC)

Binciken Zhang na PERC ya yi daidai sosai: fim ɗin da ke da SiOx Layer na uku yana samun +0.15% a matakin cell, amma bayan lamination ribar ta ragu da 57% kuma rabon CTM ya faɗi da maki 0.4.

Idan aka canza zuwa 66-cell 210 TOPCon, fa'idar matakin cell na 0.1% ta bar kusan 0.04% kawai bayan lamination, kuma module na iya juyawa gaba ɗaya. Tushen guda, dalili guda da sakamakon layin ku na "pure SiNx ya fi girma da 3-4W."

④ Me yasa rukunin gradient ya koma baya a matakin module?

Fim ɗin gradient tare da SiOx/SiOxNy yana da ƙarfin sa a cikin 300-500nm gajeren zango anti-reflection. Amma wannan shine ainihin band ɗin da gilashi + EVA ke sha da ƙarfi a cikin module. Gajeren zango na fim ɗin gradient yana cin abinci kai tsaye daga kayan marufi. A halin yanzu, multilayer SiNx mai tsabta yana yin anti-reflection sosai a cikin >400nm babban band ɗin gani-zuwa-kusa-infrared (har yanzu yana aiki bayan lamination, inda amsar quantum ta silicon ta fi girma), don haka yana samun riba mai yawa a matakin module.

Samun shi a kan layi: kada ku yi hukunci da ingancin cell kaɗai

① Shin zai iya aiki a kan layi yanzu?

Dukansu suna iya. Pure multilayer SiNx hanya ce da ta balaga. Fim ɗin gradient (SiNx/SiOxNy/SiOx) kuma ana iya yin shi akan tube PECVD, kawai ƙarin Layer coating ɗaya da ƙarin mataki na sarrafa rabon N/O da sarrafa kauri na Layer uku.

Kwanan nan masana'antar TOPCon ta sake inganta hanyar "front-film SiNx multilayer" don maye gurbin tsarin "front-film nitrous-oxide multilayer". Bayanan da kuka gani shaida ce ta matakin layi na wannan yanayin. Ba wai fim ɗin gradient ba shi da kyau ba, amma ya fadi jarrabawar lamination.

② Shin yana da daraja?

Ya danganta da yadda kuke ƙidaya. Duba ingancin tantanin halitta kaɗai kuma fim ɗin gradient yana da 0.05-0.1% kyau. Amma a matakin module, pure multilayer SiNx ya fi da 3-4W, kuma a farashin kowane watt na TOPCon module na yanzu, wannan babban sarari ne na premium.

Zaɓin gaban-fim dole ne a yi amfani da ra'ayi biyu: ingancin tantanin halitta da ribar marufi. Kada ku kalli wannan lambar matakin tantanin halitta ɗaya, ko za ku ƙare kamar ƙungiyar gradient, kuna cin fuska a tantanin halitta kuma kuna rasa abu a module.

③ Shin yana da karko?

Wannan yana buƙatar bincike na kansa. Dukansu fina-finai ne masu yawa, kuma dogon lokaci dogara (kwanciyar fim a ƙarƙashin zafi da danshi, daidaitawa da daban-daban encapsulants) dole ne a auna. Aikin ƙungiyar UNSW Hoex a baya ya riga ya nuna TOPCon yana da matukar damuwa ga dabarun encapsulation. Fim ɗin anti-reflection da encapsulant suna haɗuwa. Canza rufi kuma zaɓin encapsulant na iya buƙatar bi.

Tushen kuskuren ma'aikacin layi: lokacin kwatanta hanyoyin gaban-fim guda biyu, kada ku kwatanta ingancin tantanin halitta kawai. Tazarar 0.05-0.1% a matakin tantanin halitta tana ƙarami, amma module na iya juyawa da watts da yawa. Auna duka ingancin tantanin halitta da ƙarfin module, musamman ga manyan modules masu neman ƙarin matakan wutar lantarki.

Iyakoki: abin da takardar ba ta faɗi ba

• Zhang 2019 shaida ce ta dandalin PERC, ba TOPCon ba. Amma na'urorin gani na gaba da haske suna da asali daya: EVA tana shan gajeren zango, SiOx fina-finai suna rasa gajeren zangonsu, CTM yana raguwa. Wannan ka'ida ce ta gama gari na na'urorin tattara kaya, kuma TOPCon na gaba yana bin ta. Wannan layin shari'ar TOPCon ne, daidai da alkiblar takardar. Ana ba da shawarar sake gudanar da shi a kan layin ku tare da amsawar bakan EQE da rabe-raben tunani kafin/ bayan lamination.

• Hanyar ita ce hasashen wannan labarin, ba hukunci ba. Bayanin zahiri na "SiNx mai yadudduka da yawa yana da babban ribar tattarawa" (ingantaccen bakan da aka gyara + ƙarancin sha) yana buƙatar amsawar bakan EQE da bayanan rabe-raben tunani/ sha kafin/ bayan lamination don tabbatarwa. Wannan yanki yana ba da tsarin zahiri da alkibla. Wanne band ya mamaye kuma daga ina sha mai ban tsoro ya fito yana jiran bayanan bakan layi.

• Tazarar ribar tattarawa 0.61%-0.94% ƙiyasin girman oda ne da aka sake lissafta daga 3-4W da 0.05-0.1%. Daban-daban encapsulants (EVA/POE/EPE) da daban-daban gilashi (mai rufi/ mara rufi) za su canza wannan lambar.

• Moduloli masu fuska biyu da encapsulant mai yanke UV suna ƙara canza amfani da gajeren zango. Tazarar tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu na iya sake rarrabawa a ƙarƙashin yanayin dual-glass + UV-pass.

Takaitawa

Kwayoyin TOPCon iri ɗaya, ƙungiyar gradient ta ci 0.1% a matakin tantanin halitta, kuma bayan tattarawa ta rasa 4W. Bambancin ba wai kawai inganci ba ne, shine cewa jarrabawar da filin hana haske ya zauna ta canza a matakin module.

Jarrabawar tantanin halitta tana gwada cikakken bakan gajeren zango, kuma ƙungiyar gradient ta amsa da kyau. Jarrabawar module tana gwada ingantaccen bakan bayan tattarawa, kuma ƙungiyar pure SiNx ta juya shi.

Wannan takardar PERC ta 2019 ta riga ta faɗi: saka SiOx a cikin module kuma ribar matakin tantanin halitta za a yanke 57%. Juyawar 3-4W da aka auna akan layi ta dace da ƙarshen takardar a hanya.

Don zaɓin gaban fim, kar ka bar wannan lambar ingancin tantanin halitta guda ɗaya ta saita lokaci. Ƙididdige ribar tattarawa cikin jimlar.

Ra'ayin Ooitech

Tazarar tantanin halitta-da-module a nan ita ce tarkon da muke lura da shi lokacin da muka mika layin module. Rufin da ke haskaka tantanin halitta zai iya shan watts a hankali da zarar gilashi da EVA suka hau kai, don haka koyaushe muna gaya wa abokan ciniki su kulle zaɓin anti-reflection a kan ainihin bayanan CTM, ba ingancin dakin gwaje-gwaje ba. Tunda Ooitech kawai ke gina layin samar da module, wannan haɗin tantanin halitta-zuwa-module shine inda aikin lamination da horar da tsari yake samun darajarsa. Idan kuna son ganin yadda waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka suke aiki akan layin TOPCon mai gudana, tashar YouTube ta Ooitech (www.youtube.com/ooitech) tana da hotunan masana'anta da yawa da suka cancanci bi.