An Bayyana Kwayoyin Rana na BC: Tsari, Bambance-bambance, Tsarin Masana'antu da Ka'idar Siyar da String
Gabatarwar Samfur
BC solar cell, gajarta ga Back Contact solar cell, wani nau'in cell silicon mai inganci ne wanda emitter, filin baya da na'urorin ƙarfe duk an sanya su a gefen baya na cell. Siffar sa ta asali galibi ana kiranta IBC, ko Interdigitated Back Contact cell.
Idan aka kwatanta da sel siliki na al'ada, mafi kyawun fasalin sel BC shine babu layukan grid na ƙarfe a saman gaba. Tunda gefen gaba ba shi da inuwar busbar da yatsa, hasken rana mai yawa zai iya shiga saman sel, asarar haske yana raguwa, kuma yankin samar da wutar lantarki yana ƙaruwa. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa sel BC galibi ana amfani da su don manyan inganci da kyawawan kayan hasken rana.
Menene Ya Sa Sel BC Suka Bambanta
Babban bambanci tsakanin sel BC da PERC, TOPCon ko HJT ba kawai nau'in wafer ba ne ko Layer guda ɗaya na passivation. Babban ra'ayin fasahar BC shine tsari: haɗin PN da na'urorin lantarki na ƙarfe an matsar dasu zuwa gefen baya na tantanin halitta.
Misali, TOPCon galibi ana tattaunawa game da siliki na N-type, passivation na gaba, da tsarin tuntuɓar oxide passivated na baya. PERC yawanci yana dogara ne akan inganta passivation na baya. HJT yana amfani da passivation siliki amorphous da tuntuɓar heterojunction. BC, duk da haka, yana mai da hankali kan cire inuwar lantarki ta gaba ta hanyar matsar da tsarin tattara wutar lantarki zuwa baya.
Saboda wannan, BC kuma za a iya haɗa shi da wasu fasahohin tantanin halitta. Fasahar BC mai tsafta gabaɗaya ana wakilta ta IBC. TOPCon tare da BC na iya samar da fasahar TBC; HJT tare da BC na iya samar da fasahar HBC. HPBC an fi saninsa da hanyar P-type IBC, yayin da ABC ke nufin All Back Contact, wanda galibi ana tattaunawa tare da ra'ayoyin rage azurfa ko ƙirar da ba ta da azurfa.
Ma'auni na Fasaha
Tsarin Tantanin Halitta na BC na Yau da Kullun
Misali da IBC, mafi mahimmancin canjin tsari shine cewa duka PN junction da na'urorin lantarki suna gefen baya na tantanin halitta. Fuskar gaba ana amfani da ita don ɗaukar haske da karewa, yayin da gefen baya ke kammala rabuwar masu ɗauka da tattara halin yanzu ta hanyar wurare masu kyau da marasa kyau da aka haɗa.
| Abu | Bayani |
|---|---|
| Nau'in tantanin halitta | Back Contact solar cell |
| Hanyar fasaha ta asali | IBC, Interdigitated Back Contact |
| Siffar fuskar gaba | Babu inuwar layin grid na ƙarfe a fuskar gaba |
| Siffar gefen baya | Na'urorin lantarki masu kyau da marasa kyau an shirya su a gefen baya |
| Tsarin tsari na asali | PN junction da na'urorin ƙarfe sun koma gefen baya |
| Babban fa'ida | Rage asarar inuwa ta gani da ingantaccen yanki na ɗaukar haske |
| Hanyoyin da suka dace | IBC, TBC, HBC, HPBC, ABC da sauran tsarin tushen BC |
| Tasirin tsarin module | Yana buƙatar dabaru daban-daban na siyar da igiya idan aka kwatanta da sel PERC, TOPCon da HJT |
Tsarin Kera Sel IBC
Tsarin kera sel IBC na yau da kullun ana iya taƙaita shi kamar haka:
Goge sinadarai da cire lalacewa
BBr3 tube diffusion
Busasshiyar iskar oxygen mask girma
Buga allo don buɗe BSF na gida
POCl3 tube diffusion
Ƙirƙirar rubutu
Gefen biyu passivation
Buga allo don buɗe lamba ta gida
Buga allo metallization
Babban kalubalen fasahar BC shine yadda ake shirya yankuna masu inganci na p-type da n-type a bayan tantanin halitta a cikin tsari mai haɗaka. A cikin tsari na yau da kullun, ana iya buga abin rufe fuska mai ɗauke da boron a gefen baya. Bayan yaduwa, boron yana shiga cikin N-type substrate kuma ya samar da yankin p+. Yankin da ba shi da abin rufe fuska da aka buga zai iya samar da yankin n+ ta hanyar yaduwar phosphorus.
A gefen gaba, ana amfani da rubutun dala don haɓaka kama haske, yayin da ake samar da filin saman gaba, wanda galibi ake kira FSF, don inganta aikin lantarki. Wannan haɗin gwiwar sarrafa haske da tattara masu ɗaukar baya shine dalili ɗaya da yasa fasahar BC ke da sha'awa ga manyan kayayyaki.
Fa'idodin Fasaha
Babu Inuwar Grid na Gaba
Amfanin kai tsaye na sel BC shine cewa saman gaba ba shi da layin grid na ƙarfe. Wannan yana rage asarar inuwa kuma yana ƙara amfani da haske. Ga bayyanar kayayyaki, saman gaba mai baƙi ko kusa daidai zai iya ba da tasiri mai tsabta, wanda ke da sha'awa musamman a aikace-aikacen PV na kasuwanci, masana'antu da gine-gine.
Yiwuwar Ingantacciyar Inganci
Saboda saman gaba na iya karɓar haske mai yawa, ƙwayoyin BC suna da fa'ida mai ƙarfi a ka'ida da aiki. Idan aka haɗa su da fasahohin kariya na zamani kamar TOPCon ko HJT, tsarin BC na iya ƙara haɓaka ingancin juyawa.
Haɗin Fasaha Mai Sauƙi
BC ba ta iyakance ga hanyar tantanin halitta ɗaya ba. Tana iya aiki azaman tsarin dandamali kuma ta haɗu da sauran fasahohin inganci. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa masana'antar ke tattauna hanyoyi kamar TBC, HBC, HPBC da ABC. Hanyar gama gari ɗaya ce: rage asarar haske, inganta tattara masu ɗauka, da haɓaka fitarwar wutar lantarki.
Tsarin Grid na Musamman na Bayan Fage
Tunda duka madaidaitan da marasa madaidaitan lantarki suna a gefen baya, tsarin grid na ƙwayoyin BC ya bambanta da na al'ada. Misalin da ke gaba yana amfani da layukan ja don madaidaitan busbars da shuɗi don marasa madaidaitan busbars, yana ɗaukar tsarin bayan fage na 18BB a matsayin misali.
Lokacin da aka nuna yatsu masu kyau, yatsu masu kyau da marasa kyau an shirya su a cikin tsari mai haɗaka. Yankunan haɗin PN kuma an rarraba su a cikin irin wannan tsari mai haɗaka. Manyan busbars suna tattara wutar lantarki ta hanyar ketare da haɗawa da tsarin yatsu masu dacewa.
Daga hoton ainihin tantanin BC, muna iya ganin ba kawai layukan grid na baya ba, har ma da maki PAD a bangarorin biyu na rabin tantanin. Waɗannan maki PAD suna da mahimmanci don haɗin wutar lantarki da ƙirar soldering, musamman a cikin tsarin haɗin kai mai yawa.
Aikace-aikacen Samfur
Ka'idar Soldering na String na Tantanin BC
Soldering na tantanin BC ya bambanta da soldering na tantanin PERC ko TOPCon na yau da kullun. Ga tantanin grid biyu na gaba da baya na yau da kullun, ribbon yawanci yana haɗawa daga baya na tantanin daya zuwa gaba na tantanin na gaba. A cikin tantanin BC, duka masu kyau da marasa kyau suna kan baya, don haka ribbon soldering dole ne ya bi wata hanyar haɗi daban.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a zane, haɗin igiyar BC yana samar da haɗin jerin tantanin halitta ta hanyar amfani da ribbons na siyarwa a cikin yanayin zagaye da tsaka-tsaki tsakanin sel biyu masu kusa. Wannan ya bambanta da hanyar walda da ake amfani da ita don sel TOPCon, inda ribbon ke tafiya daga bayan tantanin halitta zuwa gaban tantanin halitta na gaba.
Ana iya raba cikakken tantanin halitta zuwa rabin sel biyu, A da B. Na'urorin lantarki na rabin sel A da B an shirya su gaba da juna. Yayin haɗin igiyar tantanin halitta BC, ribbon daga tantanin halitta na farawa ana ja shi zuwa na'urar lantarki mara kyau ta rabin sel A sannan a yanke. Ana maimaita hanyar haɗin gwiwa mai zuwa:
Daga na'urar lantarki mai kyau ta rabin sel A akan tantanin halitta 1 zuwa na'urar lantarki mara kyau ta rabin sel B akan wannan tantanin halitta
Daga na'urar lantarki mai kyau ta rabin sel B akan tantanin halitta 1 zuwa na'urar lantarki mara kyau ta rabin sel A akan tantanin halitta 2
Maimaita zagaye na sama don kammala haɗin igiyar tantanin halitta
A yankin da aka haskaka, ribbon ɗaya ce mai ci gaba. Ana amfani da launuka daban-daban ne kawai don sa alaƙar na'urar lantarki mai kyau da mara kyau ta zama mai sauƙin fahimta. Zane ya nuna a sarari yanayin walda mai tsaka-tsaki na zagaye akan tantanin halitta BC.
Cikakken igiyar cell yana nuna yadda ake shirya ribbons ɗin walda a kan BC cell da yawa. Wannan nau'in haɗa igiyoyi yana buƙatar daidaitaccen sanya ribbon, sarrafa tashin hankali mai ƙarfi, daidaitaccen matsayi, da kyakkyawar fahimtar tsarin lantarki na gefen baya.
Zane na gudanar da wutar lantarki yana ƙara bayyana ƙa'idar haɗin jeri. Tunda hanyar wutar lantarki tana samuwa a gefen baya ta hanyar shirya ribbons a jere, kayan aiki da sarrafa tsarin haɗa igiyoyin BC suna da matukar buƙata fiye da haɗa ribbons na yau da kullun don cell na gargajiya.
Tuntuɓi da Siyayya
Bayanan Aiki don Kera Module BC
Ga masana'antun da ke shirin kera module BC, sashin haɗa igiyoyin cell yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman wuraren tsari. Tsarin lantarki na gefen baya yana nufin cewa ba za a iya kwafin tsarin haɗa igiyoyi na yau da kullun ba. Dole ne kayan aiki su goyi bayan daidaitaccen haɗin baya, sarrafa ciyar da ribbon, zafin walda mai tsayayye, da dubawa mai dogaro bayan walda.
A cikin samarwa, injiniyoyi ya kamata su kula sosai ga ribbin offset, ingancin solder joint, hadarin fashewar cell, daidaitawar PAD point da daidaiton hanyar current. Duk wani ƙaramin karkacewa a soldering na baya na iya haifar da ƙaruwar juriya, asarar wuta, ko matsalolin dogaro bayan lamination da aiki na dogon lokaci a waje.
Ra'ayin Ooitech
A matsayin mai samar da kayan aiki, muna ganin haka: fasahar BC ba kawai haɓaka ingancin cell ba ne, har ma da ƙalubalen kera module, musamman a daidaiton soldering na string da sarrafa haɗin baya. Ga layin samar da panel na hasken rana, mabuɗin shine a daidaita ƙirar stringer da ainihin tsarin electrode na BC cell maimakon ɗaukar shi kamar tsarin TOPCon ko PERC da aka gyara. A ganinmu, masana'antun da ke tantance BC modules ya kamata su tabbatar da kwanciyar hankalin soldering, hanyar ribbin da aikin EL a matakin gwaji kafin su matsa zuwa samarwa mai yawa.
