BC Solar Cells Bayani: Tsari, Bambance-bambance, Tsarin Masana'antu da Ka'idar Solder String
Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
Gabatarwar Samfur
BC solar cell, gajarta ga Back Contact solar cell, wani nau'in cell silicon crystalline ne mai inganci inda emitter, filin baya da na'urorin lantarki duk an sanya su a gefen baya na cell. Siffar sa ta asali galibi ana kiranta IBC, ko Interdigitated Back Contact cell.
Idan aka kwatanta da sel siliki na crystalline na al'ada, mafi kyawun fasalin sel BC shine babu layukan grid na ƙarfe a saman gaba. Tunda gefen gaba ba shi da busbar da inuwar yatsa, hasken rana mai yawa zai iya shiga saman sel, asarar haske yana raguwa, kuma yankin samar da wutar lantarki yana ƙaruwa. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa sel BC galibi ana amfani da su don ingantattun kayan hasken rana masu inganci da kyau.
Menene Ya Sa Sel BC Suka Bambanta
Babban bambanci tsakanin sel BC da PERC, TOPCon ko HJT ba kawai nau'in wafer ba ne ko kuma Layer guda ɗaya na passivation. Babban ra'ayin fasahar BC shine tsari: PN junction da na'urorin lantarki suna motsawa zuwa gefen baya na sel.
Misali, TOPCon sau da yawa ana tattauna shi dangane da N-type silicon substrates, passivation na gaba, da kuma tsarin tunnel oxide passivated contact na baya. PERC yawanci yana dogara ne akan inganta passivation na baya. HJT yana amfani da passivation na amorphous silicon da heterojunction contact. BC, duk da haka, yana mai da hankali kan cire inuwar lantarki ta gaba ta hanyar matsar da tsarin tattara wutar lantarki zuwa baya.
Saboda wannan, BC kuma za a iya haɗa shi da wasu fasahohin tantanin halitta. Fasahar BC mai tsafta gabaɗaya ana wakilta ta IBC. TOPCon da BC na iya samar da fasahar TBC; HJT da BC na iya samar da fasahar HBC. HPBC an fi saninsa da hanyar P-type IBC, yayin da ABC ke nufin All Back Contact, wanda galibi ana tattaunawa tare da ra'ayoyin rage azurfa ko ƙirar da ba ta da azurfa.
Ma'aunin Fasaha
Tsarin Tantani na BC na Yau da Kullun
Misali da IBC, mafi mahimmancin canjin tsari shine cewa duka PN junction da na'urorin lantarki suna gefen baya na tantanin halitta. Gaban gaba ana amfani da shi ne don ɗaukar haske da passivation, yayin da gefen baya yana kammala rabuwar masu ɗauka da tattara halin yanzu ta hanyar wurare masu haɗaka na tabbatacce da mara kyau.
| Abu | Bayani |
|---|---|
| Nau'in tantanin halitta | Back Contact solar cell |
| Hanyar fasaha ta asali | IBC, Interdigitated Back Contact |
| Siffar gaba | Babu inuwar layin grid na ƙarfe a gaba |
| Siffar baya | An shirya na'urorin lantarki masu tabbatacce da mara kyau a gefen baya |
| Tsarin tsari na asali | PN junction da na'urorin ƙarfe sun koma gefen baya |
| Babban fa'ida | Rage hasarar inuwa na gani da ingantaccen yanki na ɗaukar haske |
| Hanyoyin da suka dace | IBC, TBC, HBC, HPBC, ABC da sauran tsarin tushen BC |
| Tasirin tsarin module | Yana buƙatar dabaru daban-daban na walda igiya idan aka kwatanta da sel PERC, TOPCon da HJT |
Tsarin Kera Sel IBC
Ana iya taƙaita tsarin sel IBC na yau da kullun kamar haka:
Goge sinadarai da cire lalacewa
BBr3 tube diffusion
Busasshiyar iskar oxygen mask girma
Buga allo don buɗe BSF na gida
POCl3 tube diffusion
Rubutu
Passivation na gefe biyu
Buga allo don buɗe lamba ta gida
Buga allo na ƙarfe
Babban kalubalen fasahar BC shine yadda ake shirya yankuna masu inganci na p-type da n-type a bayan tantanin halitta a cikin tsari mai haɗaka. A cikin tsari na yau da kullun, ana iya buga abin rufe fuska mai ɗauke da boron a gefen baya. Bayan yaduwa, boron yana shiga cikin N-type substrate kuma ya samar da yankin p+. Yankin da ba shi da abin rufe fuska da aka buga zai iya samar da yankin n+ ta hanyar yaduwar phosphorus.
A gefen gaba, ana amfani da rubutun dala don haɓaka kama haske, yayin da ake samar da filin saman gaba, wanda galibi ake kira FSF, don inganta aikin lantarki. Wannan haɗin gwiwar sarrafa haske da tattara masu ɗaukar kaya a gefen baya shine dalili ɗaya da yasa fasahar BC ke da sha'awa ga manyan kayayyaki.
Fa'idodin Fasaha
Babu Inuwar Grid a Gaba
Amfanin kai tsaye na sel BC shine cewa saman gaba ba shi da layin grid na ƙarfe. Wannan yana rage asarar inuwa kuma yana ƙara amfani da haske. Ga bayyanar kayayyaki, saman gaba mai duhu ko kusa da daidaito zai iya ba da tasiri mai tsabta, wanda ke da sha'awa musamman a aikace-aikacen PV na kasuwanci, masana'antu da gine-gine.
Yiwuwar Ingantacciyar Ingantacciya
Saboda saman gaba na iya karɓar haske mai yawa, sel BC suna da fa'idar inganci mai ƙarfi a ka'ida da aiki. Idan aka haɗa su da fasahohin kariya na zamani kamar TOPCon ko HJT, tsarin BC na iya ƙara haɓaka ingancin juyawa.
Haɗin Fasaha Mai Sauƙi
BC ba ta iyakance ga hanyar sel guda ɗaya ba. Tana iya aiki azaman tsarin dandamali kuma ta haɗu da sauran fasahohin inganci. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa masana'antar ke tattauna hanyoyi kamar TBC, HBC, HPBC da ABC. Hanyar gama gari ɗaya ce: rage asarar haske, inganta tattara masu ɗauka, da haɓaka ƙarfin fitar da panel.
Tsarin Grid na Musamman na Bayan Fage
Tunda duka ingantattun da korau na lantarki suna gefen baya, tsarin grid na sel BC ya bambanta da na sel na yau da kullun. Misalin da ke gaba yana amfani da layukan ja don busbars masu inganci da shuɗi don busbars masu korau, yana ɗaukar tsarin bayan fage na 18BB a matsayin misali.
Lokacin da aka nuna yatsu masu kyau, yatsu masu kyau da marasa kyau suna shiryuwa a cikin tsarin interdigitated. Yankunan haɗin PN kuma ana rarraba su a cikin irin wannan tsarin interdigitated. Manyan busbars suna tattara wutar lantarki ta hanyar ketare da haɗawa da tsarin yatsu daidai.
Daga hoton ainihin tantanin BC, muna iya ganin ba kawai layukan grid na baya ba, har ma da maki PAD a bangarorin biyu na rabin tantanin. Waɗannan maki PAD suna da mahimmanci don haɗin wutar lantarki da ƙirar soldering, musamman a cikin tsarin haɗin kai mai yawa.
Aikace-aikacen Samfur
Ka'idar Solderin Zaren Tantanin BC
Solderin tantanin BC ya bambanta da solderin tantanin PERC ko TOPCon na yau da kullun. Ga tantanin grid biyu na gaba da baya, ribbon yawanci yana haɗawa daga baya na tantanin daya zuwa gaba na tantanin na gaba. A cikin tantanin BC, duka masu karɓa masu kyau da marasa kyau suna a baya, don haka ribbon solderin dole ne ya bi wata hanyar haɗi daban.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a zane, haɗa igiyar BC ta hanyar amfani da ribbons na soldering a cikin yanayin zagaye da karkace tsakanin sel biyu masu kusa. Wannan ya bambanta da hanyar walda da ake amfani da ita ga sel TOPCon, inda ribbon ke tafiya daga bayan sel ɗaya zuwa gaban sel na gaba.
Ana iya raba cikakken sel zuwa rabin-sel biyu, A da B. Na'urorin lantarki na rabin-sel A da rabin-sel B an shirya su gaba da juna. Yayin haɗa igiyar sel BC, ana jan ribbon daga sel farawa zuwa na'urar lantarki mara kyau ta rabin-sel A sannan a yanke. Ana maimaita tsarin haɗi mai zuwa:
Daga na'urar lantarki mai kyau ta rabin-sel A a kan sel 1 zuwa na'urar lantarki mara kyau ta rabin-sel B a kan wannan sel
Daga na'urar lantarki mai kyau ta rabin-sel B a kan sel 1 zuwa na'urar lantarki mara kyau ta rabin-sel A a kan sel 2
Maimaita zagaye na sama don kammala haɗin igiyar sel
A yankin da aka haskaka, ribbon ɗaya ce mai ci gaba. Ana amfani da launuka daban-daban ne kawai don sauƙaƙe fahimtar alaƙar na'urar lantarki mai kyau da mara kyau. Zane ya nuna a sarari tsarin walda karkace na zagaye akan sel BC.
Cikakken igiyar cell yana nuna yadda aka shirya igiyoyin walda a kan BC cell da yawa. Wannan nau'in haɗa igiyoyi yana buƙatar daidaitaccen sanya igiyoyi, sarrafa tashin hankali mai tsayayye, daidaitaccen matsayi, da kyakkyawar fahimtar tsarin lantarki na gefen baya.
Zane na gudanar da wutar lantarki yana ƙara bayyana ƙa'idar haɗin jeri. Tunda hanyar wutar lantarki tana samuwa a gefen baya ta hanyar jujjuya igiyoyi, kayan aiki da sarrafa tsarin haɗa igiyoyin BC sun fi buƙata fiye da haɗa igiyoyin walda na yau da kullun don cell na gargajiya.
Tuntuɓi da Siyayya
Bayanan Aiki don Kera Module na BC
Ga masana'antun da ke shirin kera module na BC, sashin haɗa igiyoyin cell yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman wuraren tsari. Tsarin lantarki na gefen baya yana nufin cewa ba za a iya kwafin dabaru na haɗa igiyoyi na yau da kullun ba. Dole ne kayan aiki su goyi bayan daidaitaccen haɗin baya, sarrafa ciyar da igiyoyi, zafin walda mai tsayayye, da bincike mai dogaro bayan walda.
A cikin samarwa, injiniyoyi ya kamata su kula sosai da ribbin offset, ingancin haɗin solder, haɗarin fashewar cell, daidaitawar PAD point da daidaiton hanyar halin yanzu. Duk wani ɗan karkacewa a cikin soldering na gefen baya na iya haifar da ƙaruwar juriya, asarar wutar lantarki, ko matsalolin dogaro bayan lamination da aiki na dogon lokaci a waje.
Ra'ayin Ooitech
A matsayin mai samar da kayan aiki, muna ganin haka: fasahar BC ba kawai haɓaka ingancin cell ba ne, har ma da ƙalubalen kera module, musamman a daidaiton soldering na string da sarrafa haɗin gefen baya. Ga layin samar da panel na hasken rana, mabuɗin shine a daidaita ƙirar stringer tare da ainihin tsarin electrode na BC cell maimakon ɗaukar shi kamar tsarin TOPCon ko PERC da aka gyara. A ganinmu, masana'antun da ke tantance BC modules ya kamata su tabbatar da kwanciyar hankalin soldering, hanyar ribbin da aikin EL a matakin gwaji kafin su matsa zuwa samarwa mai yawa.
