Shin Za A Iya Yin Konewa Daga Haɗin Solder Mai Sanyi a Akwatin Junction na PV?

Amsa mai sauri: Haɗin solder sanyi a akwatin junction wani nau'in lahani ne da injiniyoyin tsari a masana'antar module ke gane nan take, saboda ana yin haɗin a ƙarshen layin inda gazawa ke nufin an rasa dukan module ɗin. Dalilin yawanci na zafi ne maimakon na inji: ƙarfen solder ko kan yana kan daidaitaccen zafin da aka saita, amma haɗin bai isa gare shi ba tsawon isa ga solder ya jika kuma ya haɗa daidai, don haka haɗin yana kama da cikakke kuma yana auna da karɓuwa a gwajin ci gaba yayin da yake da ɗan ƙaramin yanki na lamba da aka nufa. Irin wannan haɗin yana wucewa gwajin ƙarshe kuma yana gazawa a filin a ƙarƙashin zagayowar zafi. Amsar binciken ba ta gani ba — ita ce ingantaccen tsarin solder tare da tabbatar da lokaci da zafin a haɗin, tare da gwajin ja ko barewa bisa samfurin.

PV Module Manufacturing · na Jerry, Ooitech

Gabatarwar Samfur

Yawancin injiniyoyin sarrafawa a masana'antun module za su gaya maka abu ɗaya. A gefen akwatin haɗin wutar lantarki kawai kuna solder busbar da tsiri na jan ƙarfe, don haka ko da haɗin solder mai sanyi ba zai lalace ko ƙone diode ba.

Yana da kyau a farko, ko? Amma sun rasa wani muhimmin tsari na sarkar. Bari in bayyana muku.

Da farko, menene ainihin haɗin gwiwar sanyi a cikin akwatin haɗin?

Akwai lahani a haɗin gwiwa na akwatin junction (soldering na karya) inda haɗin lantarki na ciki bai yi kyau ba kuma yana da rashin haɗi. Haɗin bai buɗe gaba ɗaya ba. Wurin haɗi yana raguwa kawai, don haka juriyar haɗi ta gida ta tashi sosai. Lokacin da wutar lantarki ta wuce ta wannan wuri mai juriya, tana samar da zafi mai yawa na Joule, kuma zafin gida yana hawa da sauri.

Ma'aunin Fasaha

Haɗin gwiwa na sanyi a cikin akwatin junction yawanci yana bayyana a ɗaya daga cikin wurare huɗu: haɗin gubar diode zuwa haɗin jan ƙarfe, haɗin busbar zuwa haɗin jan ƙarfe, wurin haɗin waya mai fita, da wuraren haɗi tsakanin jan ƙarfe na ciki, tubalan tin da sauran kayan aiki masu gudanarwa. Waɗannan huɗun sun rabu zuwa rukuni biyu: sanyi na reshen diode (wuri na ɗaya) da sanyi na babban madauki (wurare na biyu, uku, huɗu).

Fa'idodin Fasaha

• Diode reshe sanyi solder: A ƙarƙashin aiki mai tsayayye ba tare da inuwa da kuma babu hotspot ba, babu wani ingantaccen aiki na yanzu a cikin reshe, don haka haɗin baya yin zafi kuma diode yana zama al'ada. Amma da zarar wani ɓangare na sel ya sami inuwa (kashin tsuntsaye, ganyen da suka faɗi, dusar ƙanƙara) ko kuma ka sami ƙananan tsaga da lalacewar aiki, bypass diode yana kunna kuma yana aiki na dogon lokaci. Babban wutar lantarki yana gudana ta cikin haɗin sanyi mai juriya, haɗin yana zafi sosai, kuma zafin diode yana tashi. Da zarar ya wuce iyakar zafin diode junction, bypass diode yana fuskantar lalacewar thermal, kuma akwatin junction na iya ƙonewa.

• Babban madauki sanyi solder: Tsarin yana aiki da cikakken wutar lantarki a duk lokacin da yake samar da wutar, don haka haɗin gwiwa mai sanyi yana ci gaba da yin zafi. Sararin da ke cikin akwatin haɗin gwiwa yana da ƙunci, kuma wannan zafi yana toya diode na bypass kai tsaye, yana rage juriyar ɗigogi da ƙarfin wuce gona da iri. Bugu da ƙari, idan inuwa da wuraren zafi sun faru a lokaci guda, diode yana samun gaba. Diode da zafi ya yi laushi yanzu dole ne ya ɗauki dukkan wutar bypass na madauki, wanda ke haifar da hawan zafi mara iyaka kuma yana ƙarewa da ƙonewa gaba ɗaya da gajeren kewayawa.

Aikace-aikacen Samfur

Da zarar diode ya lalace kuma ya ƙone, zai iya ci gaba da haifar da wutar lantarki ta DC, tare da yanayin zafi har zuwa 3000°C. Wannan a ƙarshe yana ƙone akwatin haɗin gwiwa kuma yana iya kunna wutar module.

Don haka yayin aikin tashar PV, duba wuraren haɗin gwiwa masu sanyi a kan lokaci yana da mahimmanci. Kuna iya duba yankin akwatin haɗin gwiwa da kyamarar zafi ta infrared. Haɗin gwiwa mai sanyi ko diode mai zafi mara kyau zai nuna a matsayin wuri mai zafi mara kyau a hoton zafi. Gyara ko maye gurbinsa nan da nan kuma kuna dakatar da yaduwar kuskuren, kiyaye module yana aiki daidai.

Ra'ayin Ooitech

Abin da wannan ke nuna shi ne cewa amincin akwatin haɗi yana yanke shawara tun kafin shukar ta fara aiki, a kan layin samarwa inda ake haɗa waɗancan diode da busbar joints. Raunin soldering a nan ba ya gazawa a yau, yana gazawa shekaru bayan haka a ƙarƙashin farkon mummunan hotspot, shi ya sa sarrafa ingancin soldering akan kayan aikin module yake da muhimmanci kamar kowace fasahar cell. A kan layukan module ɗin mu na turnkey muna ɗaukar soldering na akwatin haɗi da bussing a matsayin madaidaicin bincike, ba abin da aka yi bayan an gama ba. Idan kana son ganin yadda ake haɗa module da soldering da kyau, tashar YouTube www.youtube.com/ooitech tana da hotunan masana'anta na gaske da yawa da suka cancanci kallo.

Ƙarin karatu da bayanan baya

Kayan tunani na jama'a kan wannan batu, wanda ƙungiyoyin da ke kula da taswirar fasahar masana'antar da bayanan kasuwa suka wallafa:

• VDMA — Taswirar Fasahar Ƙasa da Ƙasa don Photovoltaic (ITRPV)
• Fraunhofer ISE — Rahoton Photovoltaics
• Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka — Photovoltaics