Solar Panel Laminator: Zuciyar Rufe PV Module
Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
Gabatarwar Samfur
A matsayin muhimmin kayan aiki a layin rufe PV module, laminator yana da nauyi mai nauyi na hada kayan da aka shimfida su zama guda daya. A karkashin yanayin zafin jiki, vacuum da matsi da aka saita, yana danna zafi da hada sel, busbars da finafinan rufewa da aka shirya. Muhimman manufofin wannan tsari sun hada da:
Cire iska: Tare da taimakon yanayin vacuum, duk iskar da ke tsakanin yadudduka ana cirewa sosai don hana kumfa na ciki da kuma rabuwa.
Haɗa ta Hanyar Narkewa: Zafi yana sa fim ɗin EVA (ko POE, da sauransu) ya narke ya gudana, yana sauƙaƙa fitar da iska.
Aiwatar da Matsi: Yayin da fim ɗin ke narke, ana amfani da matsi iri ɗaya don cike gurbin da ke tsakanin sel, ribbons, gilashi da backsheet.
Haɗa da Curing: Tsayawa isasshen lokaci a babban zafin jiki yana sa EVA ta kammala haɗin crosslinking, ta samar da wani tabbataccen, bayyanannen Layer mai ƙarfi tare da ƙarfin haɗi.
Ƙirƙirar Haɗe: A ƙarshe, gilashi, sel, fim da backsheet suna haɗe sosai zuwa wani rufaffiyar, mai ƙarfi da juriya na yanayi PV module.
Ma'aunin Fasaha
Matsayin Mahimmanci na Laminator akan Layin Samarwa
Kafin duba lambobi, yana taimakawa fahimtar dalilin da yasa wannan tasha ke da mahimmanci. Ingancin lamination yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da dogon lokacin amincin module (juriyar PID, juriyar zafi da danshi, juriyar UV da ƙarfin injiniya) da rayuwar sabis na fiye da shekaru 25. Hakanan zagayowar lamination yana da ɗan tsayi (yawanci mintuna 8-15 a kowane zagaye), don haka inganci da kwanciyar hankali na kayan aiki suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan ƙarfin layin gaba ɗaya. Zuba jari na farko, amfani da makamashi na gudana, da kuma gyare-gyare na lokaci-lokaci duk suna zama muhimmin ɓangare na farashin samar da module.
| Parameter | Ƙayyadaddun Misali |
|---|---|
| Lokacin zagayowar lamination | Mintuna 8-15 a kowane zagaye |
| Daidaiton sarrafa zafin jiki | ±1-2°C |
| Zafin Chamber 1 | kimanin 110-120°C |
| Zafin Chamber 2 | 140-150°C |
| Matsayin vacuum na aiki / babba | 40-100 Pa (ko ƙasa) |
| Lokacin vacuum Chamber 1 | 300-400 s |
| Lokacin vacuum Chamber 2 | kimanin 50-120 s |
| Lokacin riƙe Chamber 2 | kimanin 400-600 s |
| Zafin da ake so don sanyaya | ƙasa da 50°C |
| Hanyar dumama | Dumama mai / Dumama lantarki |
| Hanyar matsa lamba | Jakar iska / Diaphragm (membrane siliki) |
| Tsarin Chamber | Biyu-benki uku-chamber / biyu-chamber |
| Rayuwar sabis na siliki | 6000-8000 zagaye |
Fa'idodin Fasaha
Babban Tsarin Kayan Aiki da Ka'idar Aiki
Laminator yawanci yana haɗa tsarin tsakiya da yawa waɗanda ke aiki tare:
Tsarin Dumama: Yana ba da filin zafi mai iya sarrafawa don narkar da EVA da cimma haɗin giciye. Zaɓuɓɓukan da aka fi amfani da su sun haɗa da dumama mai (zagayawar mai-zafi, zafi iri ɗaya kuma mai tsayayye, babban daidaiton sarrafawa, tsarin ɗan rikitarwa) da dumama lantarki (dumama mai sauri, tsari mai sauƙi, daidaito yana buƙatar ingantawa). Dole ne daidaiton sarrafawa ya yi girma sosai (yawanci ±1-2°C), kuma daidaiton zafi yana da babban tasiri akan ingancin lamination.
Tsarin Vacuum: Yana gina da kuma kula da vacuum yayin lamination, yana fitar da iska tsakanin layuka da iskar gas da ke fitowa daga EVA mai narkewa. Yawanci yana ƙunshe da saitin famfon vacuum (kamar famfon Roots tare da rotary-vane ko busassun famfo), bututun vacuum, bawuloli da ma'aunin vacuum. Matsayin vacuum na ƙarshe (sau da yawa 40-100 Pa), saurin yin famfo da kwanciyar hankali na riƙe matsi duk suna da mahimmanci.
Tsarin Matsi: Yana amfani da matsi iri ɗaya, mai sarrafawa akan tarin a ƙarƙashin vacuum don inganta kwarara da cika EVA mai narkewa. Nau'in jakar iska / diaphragm ana amfani da shi sosai: ana cika iska mai matsi (ko nitrogen) a cikin jakar roba ko diaphragm silicone, yana watsa matsi ta hanyar kayan sassauƙa kamar farantin silicone, yana ba da daidaito mai kyau da daidaitawa ga kauri daban-daban. Maɓallan sigogi sune ƙimar matsi, saurin matsi, lokacin riƙewa da daidaiton matsi.
Dakin da Babban Tsarin: Yana samar da sararin da aka rufe don kiyaye yanayin vacuum da matsi. Babban abin da ake amfani da shi a yanzu shine tsarin bene biyu mai ɗaki uku ko bene biyu mai ɗaki biyu. A cikin ƙirar ɗaki uku, ɗaki ɗaya yana aiki a yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin ƙarfi tare da lokacin vacuum mai tsawo, yana mai da hankali kan cire kumfa; na biyu yana aiki da zafi mai yawa tare da matsi kaɗan don tabbatar da cewa fim ɗin ya haɗu sosai. Tsarin ya ƙunshi ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, murfi na sama mai ɗagawa, ɗaki na ƙasa mai tsayayye, matattarar rufewa da rufi, tare da aikin rufewa a matsayin ma'auni na asali.
Tsarin Isarwa: Yana ciyar da samfuran da za a matsa a cikin ɗaki kuma yana fitar da samfuran da aka gama. Ana amfani da isarwa ta hanyar roller ko sarkar faranti, kuma dole ne ta haɗu da kyau tare da kayan aikin sama da ƙasa kamar rufe gefe da tsaftacewa.
Tsarin Sarrafawa: Yana aiki a matsayin kwakwalwar kayan aiki, yana sarrafa dukkan zagayowar lamination (zafi, vacuum, matsi, lokaci) daidai don aiki ta atomatik, saitin sigogi, rikodin bayanai da gano kuskure. Yana dogara ne akan PLC da HMI touchscreen, kuma manyan na'urori na iya haɗawa da MES interface.
Matakan Tsarin Lamination na Yau da Kullun (Misalin Nau'in Jakar Iska)
Loda: An shigar da module ɗin da aka shimfiɗa a cikin ɗakin farko da aka buɗe.
Rufe Murfi: Murfin sama yana saukowa, yana rufe tare da ɗakin ƙasa kuma yana matse ɗigon rufewa.
Tsotsa: Famfon tsotsa yana farawa, yana fitar da iska daga ɗakin da sauri zuwa matakin tsotsa da aka saita (lokacin tsotsa na ɗakin 1 yawanci 300-400 s) kuma yana cire mafi yawan gas daga module.
Dumama & Narkewa: Dakin 1 yana riƙe da kimanin 110-120°C; module ɗin da ke shigowa yana dumama a hankali kuma fim ɗin yana narkewa (aiki tare da tsotsa).
Matsawa: Bayan tsotsa, jakar iska/diaphragm tana kumbura, tana matsa lamba daidai a kan module ɗin da ya narke ta farantin silicone. Ƙarƙashin matsa lamba da tsotsa, EVA tana gudana don cike guraren kuma kumfa suna fitarwa.
Riƙe Matsa & Tsotsa: Ana kiyaye shi a yanayin zafi da aka saita, babban tsotsa da matsa lamba na wani lokaci (yawanci 300-400 s) don cire kumfa gaba ɗaya.
Sakin Tsotsa & Matsa: Lokacin da lokaci ya ƙare, ana shigar da iska a hankali kuma ana sakin matsin jaka don hana nakasawa ko damuwa na ciki daga canjin matsin kwatsam.
Buɗe Murfi & Canjawa zuwa Chamber 2: Murfin yana tashi kuma ana kai module zuwa chamber 2.
Aiki na Chamber 2: Saita a 140-150°C. Tunda an cire kumfa a chamber 1, lokacin vacuum yana da ɗan gajere (kimanin 50-120 s) amma lokacin riƙewa yana da tsayi (kimanin 400-600 s) don tabbatar da cikakken haɗin gwiwa. Bayan sakin vacuum da buɗe murfi, module yana shiga chamber sanyaya (chamber 3).
Sanyaya: Ruwan sanyaya a farantin gindi na chamber 3 yana rage module zuwa iyakar aminci (misali ƙasa da 50°C) don daidaita tsarin. Raka'o'in da ba su da chamber na uku galibi suna ƙara sanyaya iska a matsin yanayi.
Sauke Kaya: Murfin yana tashi kuma ana aika module ɗin da aka haɗa zuwa mataki na gaba kamar yanke.
Aikace-aikacen Samfur
Maɓallan Sarrafa Ma'auni na Tsarin Lamination
Ana amfani da laminator a matsayin tashar rufewa ta tsakiya a kusan dukkan layukan module na crystalline-silicon da yawa na thin-film, kuma samun daidaitattun ma'auni shine abin da ke sa ya yi aiki a samarwa na gaske:
Zazzabi: Dole ne ya dace da taga narkewa da crosslinking na EVA. Yawan zafi yana haifar da rawaya da delamination; ƙarancin zafi yana ba da rashin isasshen crosslinking da haɗin gwiwa mara kyau. Yawanci ana saita shi a 140-150°C (an daidaita shi bisa ga nau'in EVA).
Vacuum: Rashin isasshen vacuum na farko da na babba shine babban dalilin kumfa da delamination. Matsayin vacuum na babba sau da yawa yana buƙatar 40-100 Pa ko ƙasa.
Matsi: Ƙarancin matsi yana haifar da rashin cikawa da haɗin gwiwa mara ƙarfi; yawan matsi ko sauri na iya haifar da ƙananan tsagewar tantanin halitta ko motsi.
Lokaci: Lokacin vacuum, lokacin riƙe matsi/vacuum (curing) da lokacin sanyaya duk suna buƙatar sarrafawa daidai. Rashin isasshen lokacin curing kai tsaye yana rage darajar crosslinking.
Gudun Sanyaya: Sanyaya da sauri na iya haifar da tattara damuwa na ciki ko karkacewa.
Muhimman Abubuwan Kula da Kayan Aiki
Kula akai-akai shine mabuɗin kiyaye aiki da rayuwar kayan aiki:
Binciken Kullum: Gwajin daidaiton vacuum, matsa lamba da zafin jiki, duba gashin rufewa, tsaftacewa da duba zanen zafi mai zafi da siliki (neman scratches da tsufa), shafawa da tsaftace saman tsarin isarwa.
Sabis na Lokaci-lokaci: Canja man famfon vacuum akai-akai, tsaftace ko maye gurbin matattarar vacuum, duba tsarin dumama (hanyar mai ko bututun dumama), daidaita na'urorin zafin jiki/matsa lamba/vacuum, duba haɗin wutar lantarki kuma tsaftace ɗakin sosai.
Maye gurbin Siliki: Siliki wani ɓangare ne da ke lalacewa, yawanci ana maye gurbinsa bayan amfani 6000-8000 ko kuma idan ya tsufa, ya taurare ko ya lalace, don kare daidaiton matsa lamba da ingancin saman module (ana kuma ba da shawarar maye gurbin lokacin canzawa tsakanin module biyu-gilashi da module guda-gilashi don guje wa dimples a bayan module).
Laminator babu shakka ita ce zuciyar kera module PV; aikin ta kai tsaye yana ƙayyade ingancin rufewa da dogaro na dogon lokaci. Yayin da fasahar PV ke ci gaba zuwa mafi girman inganci, manyan girma, siraran sel da tsarin gilashi biyu, laminator tana fuskantar buƙatu mafi girma a daidaiton zafin jiki, aikin vacuum, daidaiton sarrafa matsa lamba, da sarrafa kai da hankali.
Ra'ayin Ooitech
A matsayin babban mai samar da layin samar da hasken rana a duniya, Ooitech ta yi imanin cewa laminator shine inda ake samun nasara ko rashin nasara game da amincin module: tare da thin wafers da double-glass designs yanzu sun zama ruwan dare, tazarar tsakanin kyakkyawan daidaiton zafin jiki, kwanciyar hankali na vacuum da sarrafa matsi ya ragu sosai, kuma laminator mai ɗakuna uku da ya dace ba abin alfahari ba ne amma buƙatu na asali. Daga gogewarmu ta turnkey module-line, mun gano cewa haɗa ingantattun hanyoyin sarrafa PLC tare da kula da silicone-sheet da seal na yau da kullun yana taimakawa wajen samun yawan amfanin ƙasa fiye da neman saurin gudu kaɗai. Don ƙarin hotuna na gaske daga masana'antun hasken rana, kuna iya bin diddigin da biyan kuɗi zuwa tashar YouTube ta Ooitech a www.youtube.com/ooitech.
