Gabatarwar Samfur

Gwajin EL da Gwajin IV a cikin Kera Module na Hasken Rana

A cikin layin samar da panel hasken rana, matakai biyu na dubawa suna da mahimmanci musamman: gwajin EL da gwajin IV. Gwajin IV yawanci ana amfani dashi azaman binciken aiki na ƙarshe. Yana tabbatarwa ko PV module ɗin da aka gama ya cika ƙarfin fitarwa da ake buƙata kafin aikawa.

Duk da haka, gwajin IV yana auna aikin lantarki na duka module. Ba zai iya gano lahani a cikin cell guda ɗaya daidai ba, kamar ƙananan tsage-tsage, yatsa karyayyu, rashin ingantaccen walda, ko gurɓata gida. A nan ne EL imaging ya zama mai amfani sosai. Gwajin EL yana sa matsalolin ciki marasa ganuwa su zama bayyane, yana taimaka wa ƙungiyoyin samarwa su gano lahani kafin module ya kai ga abokin ciniki.

Gwajin EL ana amfani dashi galibi don binciken wuri na inganci na cells a cikin PV module. Yana iya taimakawa gano ƙananan tsage-tsage, cells karyayyu, layukan grid da suka katse, walda mara ƙarfi, walda ta warware, gurɓata datti, sintering mara kyau, da rashin daidaiton ingancin cell.

Ma'auni na Fasaha

Tushen Fasaha na EL Imaging

Ƙa'idar aiki na gwajin EL tana da alaƙa da ƙa'idar aiki na cell ɗin hasken rana. Cell ɗin silicon crystalline yana da yawa daga kayan semiconductor na nau'in P da nau'in N. Lokacin da yankunan nau'in P da nau'in N suka samar da PN junction, an filin lantarki na ciki yana samuwa a mahadar lamba.

A ƙarƙashin hasken rana, makamashin photon yana motsa nau'ikan electron-hole. Ana tura electrons zuwa yankin N, yayin da ake tura holes zuwa yankin P. Wannan rabuwar caji yana haifar da wutar lantarki, wanda shine ainihin ƙa'idar samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana.

Amma menene zai faru idan muka juya wannan tsari?

A lokacin gwajin EL, ma'aunin gwajin yana tuntuɓar busbars masu inganci da mara kyau na PV module. Sa'an nan, ana amfani da wutar lantarki ta waje ga module. Wannan wutar lantarki tana gudana ta busbars, tana canzawa zuwa ribbons, sannan tana isa ga lantarkin azurfa a saman tantanin halitta. Daga nan, wutar lantarki tana shiga yankin semiconductor na P-type da N-type a cikin tantanin halitta.

Yayin da electrons da holes ke motsawa cikin shugabanci, suna samar da madauki na wutar lantarki. Lokacin da waɗannan masu ɗauka suka shiga yankin PN junction, wanda kuma ake kira yankin raguwa, radiative recombination yana faruwa. A lokacin sake haɗuwa, electrons suna motsawa daga matakin makamashi mafi girma zuwa matakin makamashi mafi ƙanƙanta kuma suna sakin makamashi mai yawa. Wannan makamashi yana fitowa a cikin nau'in photons, yana samar da hasken infrared kusa da tsawon raƙuman ruwa na kimanin 1100-1200 nm.

Kyamarar EL ta ƙwararru tana ɗaukar wannan hasken infrared kusa kuma tana samar da hoton EL.

Ya kamata a lura cewa duka electrons da ramuka masu ɗaukar kaya ne. Motsin su na shugabanci ana iya fahimtar shi a matsayin gudanar da wutar lantarki.

Wani ɗan bayani: yadda aikin gwajin EL yake kama da yadda fitilar LED ke aiki. Don haka, lokacin da kalmar radiative recombination ta bayyana, ba yana nufin cewa hasken rana yana fitar da radiation mai cutarwa ba.

Fa'idodin Fasaha

Dalilin da yasa lahani ke bayyana a Hotunan EL

A hotunan EL, duk wani lahani da ke shafar watsawar wutar lantarki, ko kuma watsawar masu ɗaukar wutar lantarki, na iya bayyana. Idan electrons ko holes ba za su iya wucewa ta wani yanki cikin sauki ba, haɗuwar radiative za ta raunana ko kuma ta tsaya a wannan yanki. Sakamakon haka, ƙananan photons ne ke fitowa, kuma yankin ya bayyana da duhu a hoton EL.

• Ƙananan tsage-tsage: Tsage-tsage na ɓoye yana nufin ƙaramin tsagewa a cikin tantanin hasken rana wanda ke da wuya a gani da ido. Ko da yake yana iya zama ba a iya gani daga waje, ga masu ɗaukar wutar lantarki kamar electrons da holes, tsagewar kamar shinge ne. Watsawar masu ɗaukar wutar lantarki tana toshewa a wannan wuri, don haka haɗuwar radiative ba ta faruwa yadda ya kamata. Ba tare da fitowar photon ba, tsagewar tana bayyana a matsayin layi mai duhu a hoton EL.

• Rashin ƙarfin walda: Rashin ƙarfi na soldering yawanci yana bayyana azaman tabo masu duhu na gida ko layukan duhu a cikin hotunan EL. Waɗannan lahani galibi ana rarraba su tare da layin grid kuma suna iya bayyana azaman layukan baƙi marasa tsari, masu katsewa ko wurare masu duhu masu dige-dige. Babban dalili shi ne cewa ribbon da layin grid ba su samar da haɗin ƙarfe mai inganci ba. Wannan yana ƙara juriyar tuntuɓar sosai. Ana toshe watsawar wutar lantarki a yankin da soldering ba ta da ƙarfi, don haka masu ɗaukar kaya ba za su iya wucewa ta wannan wuri zuwa cikin tantanin halitta ba. Ƙarfin haske yana raguwa, yana samar da yanki mai duhu a sarari idan aka kwatanta da sel na yau da kullun da ke kusa.

• Yatsu masu karye: Yatsu masu karye suna faruwa lokacin da layukan grid na gaba na tantanin hasken rana suka katse ko suka rabu da saman tantanin halitta. Wutar lantarki da aka yi daga busbar ba za ta iya isa yankin grid mai lafiya da aka yanke ba, ko kuma wutar lantarki a kan yatsa ba za ta iya shiga cikin haɗin PN a cikin tantanin halitta ba. A wannan yanki, yawan wutar lantarki na haɗin PN ya zama ƙasa da ƙasa ko ma sifili, yana haifar da haske mai rauni ko babu haske. Wannan yana samar da rashin daidaituwa na yatsa mai karye a cikin hotunan EL.

Aikace-aikacen Samfur

Matsayin Gwajin EL a Kula da Ingancin Samfurin Rana

Ana amfani da gwajin EL sosai a masana'antar kera hasken rana saboda yana ba injiniyoyin samarwa hanya kai tsaye don duba lahani a matakin tantanin halitta. Yana da mahimmanci musamman bayan manyan matakai na inji ko zafi, inda tantanin halitta na iya samun damuwa ko lalacewa.

Wuraren amfani na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• Duba tantanin halitta mai shigowa: Don bincika ko tantanin hasken rana sun riga sun sami tsagewa, bambancin launi, layukan grid da suka karye, ko rashin daidaiton inganci kafin hada module.

• Bayan zaren: Don gano tsagewa, rashin ƙarfi na walda, karkatar da ribbon, ko katsewar yatsa da ke faruwa yayin aikin tabber stringer.

• Bayan shimfidawa da bussing: Don tabbatar da ko an haɗa zaren daidai kuma ko lahani na walda ya bayyana kafin lamination.

• Bayan lamination: Don duba ko matsin zafi ya haifar da sabbin tsagewa ko faɗaɗa lahani da ke akwai.

• Duba module na ƙarshe: Don tallafawa ƙimar inganci tare da gwajin IV da duba gani.

A cikin samarwa na zahiri, gwajin EL da gwajin IV ba su maye gurbin juna ba. Gwajin IV yana gaya wa masana'anta ko ƙarfin samfurin ya cancanta. Gwajin EL yana gaya wa masana'anta dalilin da yasa samfurin zai iya zama mara kyau da kuma inda lahani yake. Idan aka yi amfani da su biyu tare, masana'anta na iya gina tsarin kula da inganci mafi cikakke.

Tuntuɓi Siyayya

Abubuwan da Ake Samu A Aiki Ga Masana'antun Samfuran PV

Gwajin EL na iya bayyana ƙananan tsage-tsage masu ɓoye saboda tsagewar tana toshe motsin mai ɗauka a cikin hasken rana. Da zarar watsawar mai ɗauka ta katse, haɗuwa mai haske ta zama rauni ko ta ɓace a wannan yanki, kuma hoton EL yana nuna layi mai duhu ko yanki mai duhu. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa gwajin EL ya zama ɗayan mafi inganci hanyoyin bincike don gano lahani na ciki waɗanda ba za a iya gani da ido ba.

Ga masana'antun samfuran PV, darajar gwajin EL ba kawai gano samfuran marasa kyau ba ne. Mafi mahimmanci, yana taimakawa gano lahani zuwa matakan aiki kamar sarrafa tantanin halitta, zaren, walda, shimfidawa, lamination, da haɗawa na ƙarshe. Wannan ya sa binciken EL ya zama kayan aiki mai mahimmanci don inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa, rage korafe-korafen abokan ciniki, da daidaita ingancin samfurin.

Ra'ayin Ooitech

A matsayin mai samar da kayan aiki da ke mai da hankali kan layin samar da hasken rana, Ooitech tana kallon gwajin EL a matsayin fiye da tashar dubawa kawai. Ƙimar gaske ita ce amsa tsari: idan ƙananan tsagewa suna bayyana akai-akai bayan zare ko lamination, masana'anta bai kamata ta ƙi kawai na'urorin da ba su da kyau ba, amma kuma ta sake duba damuwa na sarrafawa, zafin siyarwa, tashin ribbon, da sigogin lamination. Ga na'urorin MBB, TOPCon, da manyan sel na zamani, dabarun dubawar EL da aka tsara da kyau na iya rage haɗarin ingancin ɓoye sosai kafin jigilar kaya.