Flux mara tsaftacewa mara halogen don Kwayoyin N-Type: Me yasa Ragowar Abubuwa ke Yanke Shawarar Rayuwar Module

Flux shine mafi ƙarancin abin amfani a layin module kuma shine wanda ya fi yiwuwa ya yanke shawara ko garantin shekaru 25 zai tsira daga damp heat. Yayin da sel N-type — TOPCon, HJT da XBC — suka maye gurbin PERC, flux ɗin da ya yi aiki a kan wafers masu kauri da yatsu masu faɗi ya daina isa: aikin da ya taɓa tsaftace busbar da kyau yanzu yana kai hari ga yatsu masu ƙanƙanta da siraran passivation, kuma solvents ɗin da suka taɓa ƙafewa ba tare da lahani ba yanzu suna barin ragowar da ke bayyana a matsayin asarar insulation da delamination bayan tsufa na 85 °C / 85 %RH. Zamanin N-type baya buƙatar flux mai ƙarfi. Yana buƙatar wanda ya fi sauƙi, ya fi tsafta kuma ya fi iya tsinkaya.

Me Yasa Tsohon Flux Ya Daina Aiki

Hanyoyin gazawa ba na ka'ida ba ne; kowannensu yana da alaƙa da lahani da ma'aikacin stringer ya riga ya sani.

Layi na uku shi ne wanda ya fi tsada kuma ya fi fitowa a ƙarshe. Ragowar flux da ba a iya gani a ƙarshen stringer na iya kasancewa a saman tantanin hasken rana lokacin da module ɗin ya shiga damp heat, inda ya zama hanyar ionic. Shi ya sa tsarin masana'antu ya sauya daga ɗaukar flux a matsayin abin amfani zuwa ɗaukarsa a matsayin kayan aiki na tsari mai sakamakon dogaro.

Abin da Yanzu Ke Bayyana Flux na Photovoltaic

Kaddarori huɗu sun sauya daga abin da ake so kawai zuwa abubuwan ƙayyadaddun bayanai:

• Ayyuka masu sauƙi, masu iya sarrafawa. Isasshe don karya oxide a kan ribbon da pad a ƙananan zafin jiki, amma bai isa ya ciza yatsa ko Layer na passivation ba.
• Ragowar da ba ta da yawa sosai, wanda ba ya buƙatar wankewa da gaske. Ba wai kawai ba a iya gani ba bayan soldering — yana da aminci ta hanyar lantarki bayan tsufa mai sauri.
• Bin ka'idojin duniya. Mara halogen kuma mai ƙarancin VOC, tare da takardun gwaji don tabbatar da hakan a kan iyaka.
• Kwanciyar hankali na samarwa da yawa. Babu crystallisation a cikin kewayon zafin ajiya, don haka aikin batch ba ya canzawa da yanayi.

Waɗannan suna jan zuwa wurare daban-daban, kuma wannan ita ce dukan wahalar. Mafi girman aiki yana ba da mafi kyawun jika da ƙarancin haɗin sanyi, amma yana lalata kyawawan siffofi. Ƙaramin aiki ya fi sauƙi amma yana haɗarin rashin isasshen cire oxide. Ƙarin sauran ƙarfi yana taimakawa yaduwa amma yana barin ƙarin ragowar. Tsarin ƙira yarjejeniya ce, kuma tambaya mai amfani yayin kwatanta samfura ita ce wace yarjejeniya da ya yi.

Abin da Tsarin Ƙira Ke Canzawa Da Gaske

Ɗaukar iyali ɗaya na samfurin no-clean mara halogen a matsayin misali — jerin CX700/B/D daga Changxian, wanda aka bayyana a cikin labarin masana'antar Sinawa wanda shine tushen wannan rubutu — hanyoyin guda uku sune tsarin sauran ƙarfi, tsarin mai kunnawa da ƙarin abubuwan aiki.

Tsarin sauran ƙarfi

Yawancin magunguna a kasuwa sun dogara da abubuwan da ake kira butyl-ether-type solvents: mai tsauri, da wuya ya ƙafe, kuma tushen matsalar ragowar da ba a gani. Madadin da aka bayyana a nan yana haɗa wani ƙwararren solvent mai sauƙin ƙarfi da dipropylene glycol methyl ether (DPM). Ƙwararren solvent ɗin ba shi da haɗin ether, yana watsewa cikin ƙananan ɗigon ruwa ba tare da toshe bututun ba, kuma yana ƙafewa da wuri ta yadda dumama farko ba zai kwashe mai kunnawa kafin ya yi aiki ba. Ana ƙara DPM don jika da narkewa, da kuma hana kristal a yanayin sanyi.

Tsarin mai kunnawa

Maimakon wani acid mai ƙarfi guda ɗaya, hanyar da aka bayyana tana amfani da acid organic masu laushi guda uku — succinic, glutaric da adipic — tare da mai kunnawa irin na hydrocarbon, kowanne yana yin wani aiki da aka ayyana. Halin da ake so shi ne cakudar ta yi aiki a yanayin sanyi don karya oxide ɗin ribbon, sannan ta kunna gaba ɗaya a lokacin yanayin zafi ba tare da lalata ƙananan yatsu ba, kuma galibi ta ƙafe daga baya ta yadda ragowar acid ba zai kasance don haifar da PID ba.

Abubuwan da ake ƙarawa

Wani ɗan ƙaramin kumfa wanda ba na ionic ba yana tallafawa layukan feshi mai sauri — tarin kumfa matsala ce ta gaske a kan injin feshi na atomatik, kuma yana haifar da ajiya marar daidaito. An haɗa maganin lalata na benzotriazole (BTA) don hana canjin launi na iskar oxygen a gefen jan ƙarfe na ribbon da kuma inganta ƙarfin inji na haɗin gwiwa.

Bayanan da mai sayarwa ya bayar da ke tare da wannan ƙirar — abun ciki mai ƙarfi da aka riƙe a 1.4–1.7 %, babu kristal bayan dogon ajiya a 5 °C, rahotannin gwajin RoHS da REACH, da sakamakon layin GW da ke da'awar inganta amfanin 3–5 % a kan layukan TOPCon tare da raguwar fashewar micro a kan layukan HJT — suna kamar yadda mai samar da flux ya wallafa. Su ne adadin mai sayarwa da kansa, ba gwaji mai zaman kansa ba, kuma ya kamata a karanta su haka.

Yadda Laifin Flux Ke Bayyana a Layi

Wannan shine inda ya zama tambayar kayan aiki, kuma shine ɓangaren da muke magance shi kullum. Lokacin da abokin ciniki ya ba da rahoton lahani na soldering, flux ba safai ake zargi na farko ba kuma galibi shine ainihin sanadin. Tsarin bincike:

Haɗin gwiwa masu sanyi da ƙarancin ƙarfin bawo

Idan ƙarfin bawon ya warwatse maimakon ya zama ƙasa daidai, to a tuhumi flux da profile maimakon injin. Activator da ke ƙafewa yayin preheat yana haifar da haɗin gwiwa da suke kama da an yi solder amma suna kasawa a gwajin ja. Alamar ita ce gazawar tana da alaƙa da lokacin jira na preheat ko da zafi na yanayi, ba da daidaiton sanyawa ba.

Ribbon ba ya jika da pad ɗin

Gazawar jika tare da daidaitaccen sanyawa da daidaitaccen zafin jiki yawanci yana nufin flux ɗin ba ya cire oxide da sauri a wannan zafin, ko kuma ana ajiye shi ba daidai ba. A kan injin fesa flux na atomatik, tarin kumfa da toshewar bututun sune hanyoyin — dukansu halaye ne na ƙira kafin su zama laifukan inji.

Lalacewar da ke bayyana kawai bayan lamination ko zafi mai ɗanɗano

Canjin juriya na insulation, rabuwa a saman cell, da canjin launi da ke bayyana kawai bayan tsufa suna nuni ga ragowar abu. A lokacin da waɗannan suka bayyana, an riga an yi lamination ɗin modules ɗin, don haka binciken yana da tsada. Wannan ita ce hujja mafi ƙarfi don tabbatar da flux ta hanyar tsufa mai sauri maimakon yadda haɗin gwiwa yake gani daga stringer.

Muna gina stringers ɗin da suke gudanar da waɗannan hanyoyin — da SS-1500B, SS-2500B da AM050FH MBB stringer — kuma ƙa'idar aiki da muke ba abokan ciniki ita ce dole ne a tabbatar da flux da bayanin soldering tare, a kan tantanin da aka yi niyya. Flux da ke aiki da kyau a kan tantanin PERC na tunani ba hujja ba ce ga tantanin 0BB TOPCon mai ƙananan yatsu da ƙarancin kasafin zafi. Bayaninmu na yadda tabber da stringer ke aiki ya ƙunshi tashoshi shida da inda taga aikin yake; flux ne ke ƙayyade yadda fadin wannan taga yake a zahiri.

Bin Ka'idoji Ya Zama Ma'aunin Siyayya

Abun ciki na Halogen ya tashi daga sha'awar fasaha zuwa shingen kasuwanci. EU, Japan, Koriya da yawancin kasuwannin Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya yanzu suna duba halogen, VOC da ragowar abubuwa masu haɗari a kan kayan photovoltaic da ke shigowa, kuma flux da bai dace ba jigilar da aka ƙi ce maimakon tattaunawa kan inganci. Abubuwan da ake buƙata a aikace su ne:

• Ƙirar da ba ta da halogen kuma ba ta da ƙarfe mai nauyi, tare da ƙayyadadden iyaka da hanyar gwaji
• Takardun RoHS da REACH da suka shafi takamaiman nau'in, ba dangin samfur ba
• Ƙananan VOC, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga bin ka'idoji da kuma yanayin masana'anta
• Takaddun shaida na matakin rukuni, saboda ana tambayar tambayar bin ka'ida ga kowane jigilar kaya

Abin da za a Cancanta Kafin Ka Canza

Canza flux sauyin tsari ne, ba musanya kayan amfani ba. Kafin canzawa, gudanar da aƙalla:

1. Ƙarfin bawon da kamannin haɗin gwiwa a duk faɗin taga dumama, ba a saitin ƙayyadadden ba — tambayar ita ce nawa gefen da sabon flux ɗin ke ba ka kafin lahani ya bayyana.
2. Binciken EL na igiyar, don kama lalacewar yatsa da ƙananan tsagewa waɗanda binciken gani ke rasa. Idan ba ka da EL na cikin layi, wannan shi ne lokacin da saitin EL na waje ke samun kuɗinsa.
3. Juriya ta rufi da ƙarfin bawon bayan dumama mai ɗanɗano, a kan takardun da aka lamination. Wannan shi ne gwajin kaɗai da ke magance tambayar ragowar.
4. Binciken ajiyar sanyi. Ajiye samfurin a mafi ƙarancin zafin da ma'ajiyar ka ke kaiwa a zahiri, sannan tabbatar da aiki da kamanni — idan wurin ka na fuskantar hunturu, wannan ba gwajin ka'ida ba ne.
5. Takardun bin ka'ida don daidaitaccen daraja, an duba su da kasuwar da ake nufi kafin rukunin samarwa na farko maimakon kafin jigilar farko.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi

Menene ma'anar no-clean a zahiri ga flux na photovoltaic?

Cewa ragowar da ke jira bayan walda ba shi da illa ta hanyar lantarki kuma baya buƙatar cirewa. A aikace wannan yana nufin ƙarancin abun ciki mai ƙarfi, masu kunnawa waɗanda galibi suna ƙafewa, da ragowar da ba ta zama mai gudanarwa ko hygroscopic bayan zafi mai ɗanɗano. Da'awar aminci ce, ba da'awar kamanni ba — flux na iya barin babu abin da ake gani kuma har yanzu ya kasa gwajin rufewar zafi mai ɗanɗano.

Shin flux mara halogen ya fi flux mai halogen rauni?

Ba lallai ba, amma sinadarai na kunnawa sun bambanta. Masu kunnawa na halogen suna da tasiri sosai wajen cire oxide, wanda shine ainihin dalilin da yasa aka iyakance su. Ƙirƙirar marasa halogen suna samun isasshen aiki tare da tsarin acid na halitta da zaɓin sauran ƙarfi a hankali. Musanya yana motsawa daga aikin danye zuwa sarrafa ƙira da faɗin taga tsari.

Me yasa ragowar flux ya fi muhimmanci ga N-type fiye da yadda ya kasance ga PERC?

Dalilai biyu. Na farko, ƙwayoyin N-type sun fi kula da yanayin saman da ragowar ke shafa. Na biyu, tsarin gwajin masana'antu ya ƙara tsananta a lokaci guda — gwajin zafi mai ɗanɗano da PID yanzu sun zama buƙatun saye na yau da kullum, don haka lahani da ba a ganuwa a da yanzu ana auna su.

Zan iya canza flux ba tare da sake tabbatar da tsarin soldering ba?

Kuna iya canza shi, amma bai kamata ku ɗauka cewa tsarin har yanzu yana aiki ba. Tsarin sauran ƙarfi daban-daban suna canza yadda flux ke aiki a lokacin dumama, kuma masu kunnawa daban-daban suna canza zafin da jika ke farawa. Sake gwada ƙarfin bawo a duk lokacin dumama kafin ku yanke shawara.

Shin zaɓin flux yana shafar layukan 0BB daban?

Ee. Tsarin zero-busbar suna amfani da ribbon sirara da wuraren haɗi masu kyau, don haka akwai ƙarancin thermal mass da ƙarancin juzu'i na inji. Halin kunnawa na zafin jiki mai ƙasa da kuma tausasawa na mai kunnawa sun fi muhimmanci, ba ƙasa ba. Mun tattauna tambayar tsarin busbar daban a cikin labarin stringer da aka haɗa a sama.

Daga ina cikakken bayanin fasaha a wannan labarin ya fito?

Bayanin ƙirƙira, kaddarorin samfur guda huɗu da aka da'awa da sakamakon layin sun fito ne daga labarin masana'antar Sin da aka buga ta 新能供应链wanda ke bayanin jerin Changxian CX700/B/D halogen-free no-clean flux. Wannan abun ciki ne daga mai kaya kuma mun yi wa alkaluman aikin lakabin da'awar mai kaya. Injiniyan aikin soldering gaba ɗaya — yadda sinadarai na activator, ragowar sauran ƙarfi da amincin damp-heat suka haɗu — al'ada ce ta yau da kullum a cikin kera na'urorin lantarki da photovoltaic. Sashen bincike na matakin layi yana nuna yadda muke ganin waɗannan kurakurai daga ɓangaren kayan aiki. Babu wani abu a nan da ya dogara kan gwajin dakin bincikenmu na kowane flux.